Iran's president said the Islamic Republic has decided not to develop nuclear weapons out of principle, not only because it is prevented so by treaties.
Hassan Rouhani told Defense Ministry officials Saturday that, if Iran wanted weapons of mass destruction, it would be easier for it to make chemical or biological weapons.
Rouhani was reiterating a police set by Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, who issued a religious decree banning the production and use of nuclear weapons. He has said holding such arms is a sin as well as "useless, harmful and dangerous."
"We are not after weapons of mass destruction. That's our red line," he said. "If Iran was after weapons of mass destruction, it would build chemical weapons. Those are easier to make. It would build biological arms, which are even easier than making chemical weapons."
He said Iran's "beliefs" and commitment to "ethical principles", not merely the U.N's nuclear non-proliferation treaty, prevent it from making a bomb. Iran is a signatory to the NPT and says it will remain committed to its obligations not to build nuclear weapons under the treaty but will not compromise on its right to enrich uranium and produce nuclear fuel.
"We signed these treaties to show the world we are not after such weapons," he told military commanders. "Even if there were no NPT or other treaties, our belief, our faith, our religion and principles tell us not to seek weapons of mass destruction."
The U.S. and its allies fear that Iran seeks to develop the ability to make a nuclear weapon, should it want one. Iran denies the charge, saying its nuclear program is peaceful and geared toward generating electricity and producing radioisotopes to treat cancer patients.
Rouhani said his government's policy of moderation and easing tensions with the outside world is "not a tactic" but a genuine change in the Islamic Republic's foreign policy.
"The foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is based on easing tensions and building confidence with the world. This is not a tactic or slogan. Iran is not seeking tensions with others ... but we don't compromise on our dignity, independence, national interests and values," he said.
Rouhani says his countrymen elected him president in June to change Iran's foreign policy and shift away from the bombastic style adopted under his predecessor, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. He has said however that its principles — including maintaining a peaceful nuclear program — will not change.
That policy, also supported by Khamenei, led to a historic interim nuclear deal with world powers Nov. 24 in Geneva. Iran stopped enriching uranium to 20 percent and started neutralizing its existing stockpile of that grade — just steps away from weapons material — in January in order to fulfil commitments reached under the deal. The U.S. and the European Union also lifted some sanctions in response to the Iranian moves.
Iran and the six-nation group — the five permanent members of the U.N. Security Council plus Germany — began talks earlier this month for a comprehensive deal in Vienna.